http://hdl.handle.net/2440/14759 2020-01-30T07:20:06Z 2020-01-30T07:20:06Z Kamal, Md Masud All http://hdl.handle.net/2440/123079 2020-01-30T02:58:54Z 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Building Adaptive Capacity to Climate Change Through NGO-Initiated Community-Based Adaptation: Insights from Southeast Coastal Communities in Bangladesh Author: Kamal, Md Masud All Abstract: Adaptation is now considered a fundamental means of addressing various challenges posed by climate change. Among different pathways of adaptation, community-based adaptation (CBA) to climate change has become a widely accepted approach, which has been practised primarily by non-governmental organisations (NGOs) in numerous developing countries including Bangladesh. The popularity of the CBA approach lies in the premise that it builds the adaptive capacity of the most vulnerable individuals and communities to climate change based on their knowledge, priorities and needs. The overarching aim of this research is to explore the underlying factors that influence the implementation of NGO-driven community-based climate change adaptation (CCA) interventions that seek to build adaptive capacity of individuals and communities vulnerable to climate change. In particular, it examines the external factors that influence the implementation of CBA theory in practice, the ways local individuals and communities perceive and respond to these external interventions, as well as to what extent such adaptation measures contribute to strengthening the adaptive capacity of groups and communities that are vulnerable to climate change. The arguments of this study were developed based on the insights from a CBA project implemented through the formation of women-led community-based organisations (CBOs) in the southeast coastal areas of Bangladesh. Research undertaken for this study adopted a qualitative case study approach, and data were collected from different actors engaged in CBA projects by using multiple qualitative techniques including: semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions and participant observations. The study showed that the principles of CBA face diverse challenges. The foremost challenge arises from the existing institutional framework that finances, plans and implements the CBA projects. The inter-relationships between organisations, and their pre-formulated project goals and procedures of a CBA project, limit the achievements of its intended outcomes. Results indicated that NGO-initiated CBA interventions, delivered through the CBOs, not only benefited from the opportunities presented by the approach, but also embraced the long-standing weaknesses that inhibited the achievement of sustainable adaptation outcomes. Another major challenge emerges from the target communities per se. The study found that the perceptions of community actors and the socio-cultural norms of the local communities impeded the CBOs to achieve capacities to act collectively to enhance adaptive capacity for the whole community. Results also demonstrated that there was a deep disconnection between the objectives of the CBA project and the agendas of local community members. This, in turn, negatively influenced the group-based CBA interventions to build adaptive capacity of communities vulnerable to climate change. The empirical evidence of this study contributes to the current debates in the literature on community-based CCA by identifying the challenges and constraints of applying CBA principles in practice. As such, it provides some suggestions for overcoming the barriers of achieving the promises of the CBA approach. Overall, this study forms the basis for further critical analysis on planned bottom-up adaptation interventions to climate change.

2019-01-01T00:00:00Z Vincent, P. W. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/122821 2020-01-21T05:01:12Z 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: The geology of the Prism Hill area, northern Flinders Ranges, South Australia Author: Vincent, P. W. Abstract: The oldest rocks in the Prism Hill are Cambrian sediments assigned to the Billy Creek Formation, Wirrealpa Limestone and Lake Frome Group. The upper 45 metres of the Billy Creek Formation consist of plane-laminated and ripple cross-laminated red silts and very fine sandstones that were deposited in an intertidal environment. The overlying Wirrealpa Limestone records a transgressive period with deposition in the lower intertidal to subtidal zone. This passes transitionally into the Moodlatana Formation which consists of red siltstones and sandstones with some cryptalgal carbonate beds, mainly at the base. Deposition of the finer grained elastics and carbonates occurred in the intertidal zone while the sandstones were deposited in a higher energy subtidal environment. The base of the overlying Balcoracana Formation is taken as the first cherty stromatolitic carbonate bed. This formation which is characterized by an alternating sequence of red and green siltstones and stromatolitic and unlaminated carbonates was deposited in the intertidal to supra­ tidal zone and records numerous oscillations in sea level. The boundary with the overlying Pantapinna Sandstone is marked by the influx of coarser elastics. These are plane­laminated, cross-bedded and ripple cross-laminated sand­stones and rare siltstones. Deposition occurred in inter­tidal to shallow subtidal environments. Sedimentation was continuous into the Grindstone Range Sandstone which is more quartzose but was also deposited in a tidally dominated shoreline environment. The upper part consists of coarse grained, pebbly and conglomeratic arenites which show large scale cross-bedding. They are associated with ripple bedded units that indicate wave activity and emergence. The top of the Grindstone Range Sandstone is nowhere exposed. The Grindstone Range Sandstone is overlain by a sequence of Tertiary and Quaternary sediments. Silcrete has developed on and in the pre-silcrete unit which may correlate with the Eyre Formation. This unit is overlain unconformably by the Nambo Formation which consists of sandstones, sandy clays, clays and carbonates deposited in a fluvial and lacustrine environment. It is overlain by coarser alluvial fan sediments of the Willawortina Formation which form a capping to the tablelands in the north. This Tertiary sequence dips at up to 45° and is cross­cut by a younger limestone conglomerate. This latter unit is generally thin but forms a capping to the tablelands in the south. The dipping Tertiary sequence indicates quite recent tectonic activity, the folding probably induced by basement faulting. A major fault associated with folding occurs in the east of the area mapped. Folding is not of the typical fault drape style but was generated in the Tertiary. It is not possible to determine the source area for the Lake Frome Group clastics or the palaeogeography of the basin from the available data but further studies should be more revealing. Description: This item is only available electronically.

1980-01-01T00:00:00Z Alghamdi, Abdulaziz http://hdl.handle.net/2440/122782 2020-01-20T06:02:13Z 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Investigation of PV module performance for solar racing vehicle Author: Alghamdi, Abdulaziz Description: This item is only available electronically.

2019-01-01T00:00:00Z Purczel, Carl Leslie http://hdl.handle.net/2440/122620 2020-01-13T01:10:29Z 2001-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Evaluating and applying contaminant transport models to groundwater systems Author: Purczel, Carl Leslie

2001-01-01T00:00:00Z