DSpace Collection:
https://hdl.handle.net/2440/758
2024-03-29T07:38:13ZESRP1 controls biogenesis and function of a large abundant multiexon circRNA
https://hdl.handle.net/2440/140370
Title: ESRP1 controls biogenesis and function of a large abundant multiexon circRNA
Author: Liu, D.; Dredge, B.K.; Bert, A.G.; Pillman, K.A.; Toubia, J.; Guo, W.; Dyakov, B.J.A.; Migault, M.M.; Conn, V.M.; Conn, S.J.; Gregory, P.A.; Gingras, A.-C.; Patel, D.; Wu, B.; Goodall, G.J.
Abstract: While the majority of circRNAs are formed from infrequent back-splicing of exons from protein coding genes, some can be produced at quite high level and in a regulated manner. We describe the regulation, biogenesis and function of circDOCK1(2-27), a large, abundant circular RNA that is highly regulated during epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and whose formation depends on the epithelial splicing regulator ESRP1. CircDOCK1(2-27) synthesis in epithelial cells represses cell motility both by diverting transcripts from DOCK1 mRNA production to circRNA formation and by direct inhibition of migration by the circRNA. HITS-CLIP analysis and CRISPR-mediated deletions indicate ESRP1 controls circDOCK1(2-27) biosynthesis by binding a GGU-containing repeat region in intron 1 and detaining its splicing until Pol II completes its 157 kb journey to exon 27. Proximity-dependent biotinylation (BioID) assay suggests ESRP1 may modify the RNP landscape of intron 1 in a way that disfavours communication of exon 1 with exon 2, rather than physically bridging exon 2 to exon 27. The X-ray crystal structure of RNA-bound ESRP1 qRRM2 domain reveals it binds to GGU motifs, with the guanines embedded in clamp-like aromatic pockets in the protein.
Description: Advance access publication date: 28 November 20232024-01-01T00:00:00ZHigh-Power CO₂‑to‑C₂ Electroreduction on Ga-Spaced, Square-like Cu Sites
https://hdl.handle.net/2440/140355
Title: High-Power CO₂‑to‑C₂ Electroreduction on Ga-Spaced, Square-like Cu Sites
Author: Yan, S.; Chen, Z.; Chen, Y.; Peng, C.; Ma, X.; Lv, X.; Qiu, Z.; Yang, Y.; Yang, Y.; Kuang, M.; Xu, X.; Zheng, G.
Abstract: The electrochemical conversion of CO2 into multicarbon (C2) products on Cu-based catalysts is strongly affected by the surface coverage of adsorbed CO (*CO) intermediates and the subsequent C−C coupling. However, the increased *CO coverage inevitably leads to strong *CO repulsion and a reduced C−C coupling efficiency, thus resulting in suboptimal CO2-to-C2 activity and selectivity, especially at ampere-level electrolysis current densities. Herein, we developed an atomically ordered Cu9Ga4 intermetallic compound consisting of Cu square-like binding sites interspaced by catalytically inert Ga atoms. Compared to Cu(100) previously known with a high C2 selectivity, the Ga-spaced, square-like Cu sites presented an elongated Cu−Cu distance that allowed to reduce *CO repulsion and increased *CO coverage simultaneously, thus endowing more efficient C−C coupling to C2 products than Cu(100) and Cu(111). The Cu9Ga4 catalyst exhibited an outstanding CO2-to-C2 electroreduction, with a peak C2 partial current density of 1207 mA cm−2 and a corresponding Faradaic efficiency of 71%. Moreover, the Cu9Ga4 catalyst demonstrated a high-power (∼200 W) electrolysis capability with excellent electrochemical stability.2023-01-01T00:00:00ZMitigating stimulated Brillouin scattering in multimode fibers with focused output via wavefront shaping
https://hdl.handle.net/2440/140348
Title: Mitigating stimulated Brillouin scattering in multimode fibers with focused output via wavefront shaping
Author: Chen, C.-W.; Nguyen, L.V.; Wisal, K.; Wei, S.; Warren-Smith, S.C.; Henderson-Sapir, O.; Schartner, E.P.; Ahmadi, P.; Ebendorff-Heidepriem, H.; Stone, A.D.; Ottaway, D.J.; Cao, H.
Abstract: The key challenge for high-power delivery through optical fibers is overcoming nonlinear optical effects. To keep a smooth output beam, most techniques for mitigating optical nonlinearities are restricted to single-mode fibers. Moving out of the single-mode paradigm, we show experimentally that wavefront-shaping of coherent input light to a highly multimode fiber can increase the power threshold for stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) by an order of magnitude, whilst simultaneously controlling the output beam profile. The SBS suppression results from an effective broadening of the Brillouin spectrum under multimode excitation, without broadening of transmitted light. Strongest suppression is achieved with selective mode excitation that gives the broadest Brillouin spectrum. Our method is efficient, robust, and applicable to continuous waves and pulses. This work points toward a promising route for mitigating detrimental nonlinear effects in optical fibers, enabling further power scaling of high-power fiber systems for applications to directed energy, remote sensing, and gravitational-wave detection.2023-01-01T00:00:00ZRecent progress and perspectives on dual-ion batteries
https://hdl.handle.net/2440/140345
Title: Recent progress and perspectives on dual-ion batteries
Author: Hao, J.; Li, X.; Song, X.; Guo, Z.
Abstract: Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have gradually approached the upper limit of capacity, and yet, they are still far from fulfilling the ambitious targets required to meet the grid’s storage needs due to their unsatisfactory cycling stability, limited energy density, high cost, and environmental concerns. Dual-ion batteries (DIBs) with non-aqueous electrolyte, as potential alternatives to LIBs in smart-grid application, have attracted much attention in recent years. DIBs were initially known as dual-graphite batteries, where both anions and cations separately intercalate into graphite electrodes during the charge-discharge process. The anion intercalation into the hostmaterial enables DIBsin non-aqueous electrolyte to feature a high operating voltage,which also contributes to their enhanced energy density. Moreover, the use of low-cost and “green” raw electrode materials in DIBs offers huge advantages compared to LIBs, in terms of environmental protection by avoiding problems from the disposal of discarded batteries. In this contribution, we comprehensively summarize the recent progress on DIBs with aqueous and non-aqueous electrolytes as well as the limitations and challenges of current DIB technology. Furthermore, some suggestions that might help to address the current challenges of DIB technology are proposed for future work.2019-01-01T00:00:00Z