Eimeria taggarti n. sp., a novel coccidian (Apicomplexa: Eimeriorina) in the prostate of an Antechinus flavipes

Abstract

A novel coccidian species was discovered in the prostate of an Antechinus flavipes (yellow-footed antechinus) in South Australia, during the period of post-mating male antechinus immunosuppression and mortality. This novel coccidian is unusual because it develops extra-intestinally and sporulates endogenously within the prostate gland of its mammalian host. Histological examination of prostatic tissue revealed dense aggregations of spherical and thin-walled tetrasporocystic, dizoic sporulated coccidian oocysts within tubular lumina, with unsporulated oocysts and gamogonic stages within the cytoplasm of glandular epithelial cells. This coccidian was observed occurring concurrently with dasyurid herpesvirus 1 infection of the antechinus' prostate. Eimeria-specific 18S small subunit ribosomal DNA PCR amplification was used to obtain a partial 18S rDNA nucleotide sequence from the antechinus coccidian. Bayesian phylogenetic analysis based on 18S rDNA gene sequences revealed that the novel coccidian clusters with reptile-host coccidians, forming an ancestral basal lineage of the eimeriid clade. The species has been named Eimeria taggarti n. sp., based on both sporulated oocyst morphology and molecular characterization. It is suspected that E. taggarti is sexually transmitted via excretion of sporulated oocysts and/or free sporocysts with prostatic secretions in semen.