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https://hdl.handle.net/2440/3941
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Type: | Journal article |
Title: | Salivary secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor and oral candidiasis in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected persons |
Author: | Chattopadhyay, A. Gray, L. Patton, L. Caplan, D. Slade, G. Tien, H. Shugars, D. |
Citation: | Infection and Immunity, 2004; 72(4):1956-1963 |
Publisher: | Amer Soc Microbiology |
Issue Date: | 2004 |
ISSN: | 0019-9567 1098-5522 |
Statement of Responsibility: | Amit Chattopadhyay, Laurie R. Gray, Lauren L. Patton, Daniel J. Caplan, Gary D. Slade, Hsaio-Chuan Tien, and Diane C. Shugars |
Abstract: | Oropharyngeal candidiasis, typically caused by Candida albicans, is the most common oral disease associated with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI), a 12-kDa antiprotease, suppresses the growth of C. albicans in vitro. To determine whether the mucosal protein plays a role in protecting oral tissues against fungal infection, we conducted a cross-sectional study investigating the oral and systemic health and salivary SLPI levels in 91 dentate HIV-1-infected adults receiving medical care in the southeastern United States. Participants with a self-reported history of clinical oropharyngeal candidiasis during the previous 2 years constituted the test group (n = 52), while the comparison group (n = 39) had no oropharyngeal candidiasis during that period. Data collected from medical records, oral examination, and SLPI enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay quantitation of whole saliva were analyzed by t test, analysis of variance, linear regression, and unconditional logistic regression. The test group had a significantly higher mean salivary SLPI level than the comparison group (1.9 microg/ml versus 1.1 microg/ml, P < 0.05). Linear regression modeling identified CD4 cell count and history of oropharyngeal candidiasis as key predictors of salivary SLPI and revealed a significant interaction (P < 0.05) between immunosuppression (CD4 cell count below 200 cells/ microl) and positive history of oropharyngeal candidiasis in predicting salivary SLPI level. By logistic regression modeling, a salivary SLPI level exceeding 2.1 microg/ml, low CD4 count, antiretroviral monotherapy, and smoking were key predictors of oropharyngeal candidiasis. These data support a key role for SLPI in the oral mucosal defense against C. albicans. The antimicrobial mucosal protein may serve as an indicator of previous oropharyngeal candidiasis infection among immunosuppressed persons. |
Keywords: | Saliva Humans Candida albicans AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections Candidiasis, Oral HIV Infections Proteins CD4 Lymphocyte Count Cross-Sectional Studies Adolescent Adult Female Male Proteinase Inhibitory Proteins, Secretory Secretory Leukocyte Peptidase Inhibitor |
Rights: | © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. |
DOI: | 10.1128/IAI.72.4.1956-1963.2004 |
Published version: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.72.4.1956-1963.2004 |
Appears in Collections: | Aurora harvest 6 Dentistry publications |
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