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https://hdl.handle.net/2440/51847
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DC Field | Value | Language |
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dc.contributor.author | Athanasiov, P. | - |
dc.contributor.author | Prabhakaran, V. | - |
dc.contributor.author | Selva-Nayagam, D. | - |
dc.date.issued | 2008 | - |
dc.identifier.citation | Acta Ophthalmologica, 2008; 86(4):356-364 | - |
dc.identifier.issn | 1755-375X | - |
dc.identifier.issn | 1755-3768 | - |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/2440/51847 | - |
dc.description.abstract | Enophthalmos can be defined as a relative, posterior displacement of a normal-sized globe in relation to the bony orbital margin. Non-traumatic enophthalmos has a wide variety of clinical presentations and may be the first manifestation of a number of local or systemic conditions. It may present with cosmetic problems such as deep superior sulcus, pseudoptosis or eyelid retraction; or functional problems such as diplopia or exposure keratopathy. There are three main pathogenic mechanisms: structural alterations in the bony orbit; orbital fat atrophy; and retraction. Evaluation of enophthalmos patients includes orbital imaging and a thorough ophthalmic and systemic examination. In this review, we discuss the presenting features of non-traumatic enophthalmos and include a brief description of the more important causes. An approach to the clinical evaluation of these patients is also discussed together with a brief overview of the principles of management. | - |
dc.description.statementofresponsibility | Paul A. Athanasiov, Venkatesh C. Prabhakaran and Dinesh Selva | - |
dc.language.iso | en | - |
dc.publisher | Wiley-Blackwell Munksgaard | - |
dc.source.uri | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-3768.2007.01152.x | - |
dc.subject | enophthalmos | - |
dc.subject | orbital fat atrophy | - |
dc.subject | orbital fibrosis | - |
dc.subject | orbital metastases | - |
dc.subject | pseudoenophthalmos | - |
dc.subject | silent sinus syndrome | - |
dc.title | Non-traumatic enophthalmos: a review | - |
dc.type | Journal article | - |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2007.01152.x | - |
pubs.publication-status | Published | - |
dc.identifier.orcid | Selva-Nayagam, D. [0000-0002-2169-5417] | - |
Appears in Collections: | Aurora harvest 5 Opthalmology & Visual Sciences publications |
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