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https://hdl.handle.net/2440/55607
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Type: | Journal article |
Title: | The Phosphorylation Motif at Serine 225 Governs the Localization and Function of Sphingosine Kinase 1 in Resistance Arteries |
Author: | Lidington, D. Peter, B. Meissner, A. Kroetsch, J. Pitson, S. Pohl, U. Bolz, S. |
Citation: | Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology, 2009; 29(11):1916-1928 |
Publisher: | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins |
Issue Date: | 2009 |
ISSN: | 1079-5642 1524-4636 |
Statement of Responsibility: | Darcy Lidington, Bernhard Friedrich Peter, Anja Meissner, Jeffrey T. Kroetsch, Stuart M. Pitson, Ulrich Pohl and Steffen-Sebastian Bolz |
Abstract: | Objective— The purpose of this study was to characterize a phosphorylation motif at serine 225 as a molecular switch that regulates the pressure-dependent activation of sphingosine kinase 1 (Sk1) in resistance artery smooth muscle cells. Methods and Results— In isolated hamster gracilis muscle resistance arteries, pressure-dependent activation/translocation of Sk1 by ERK1/2 was critically dependent on its serine 225 phosphorylation site. Specifically, expression of Sk1S225A reduced resting and myogenic tone, resting Ca2+, pressure-induced Ca2+ elevations, and Ca2+ sensitivity. The lack of function of the Sk1S225A mutant could not be entirely overcome by forced localization to the plasma membrane via a myristoylation/palmitylation motif; the membrane anchor also significantly inhibited the function of the wild-type Sk1 enzyme. In both cases, Ca2+ sensitivity and myogenic tone were attenuated, whereas Ca2+ handling was normalized/enhanced. These discrete effects are consistent with cell surface receptor-mediated effects (Ca2+ sensitivity) and intracellular effects of S1P (Ca2+ handling). Accordingly, S1P2 receptor inhibition (1µmol/L JTE013) attenuated myogenic tone without effect on Ca2+. Conclusions— Translocation and precise subcellular positioning of Sk1 is essential for full Sk1 function; and two distinct S1P pools, proposed to be intra- and extracellular, contribute to the maintenance of vascular tone. We demonstrate in hamster resistance arteries that the serine 225 phosphorylation site on sphingosine kinase 1 (Sk1) is a molecular switch for its regulatory function in smooth muscle cells. It is critical for pressure-dependent Sk1 activation/translocation and cannot be bypassed by an artificial membrane anchor. |
Keywords: | myogenic vasoconstriction signal transduction transfection ERK1/2 sphingosine-1-phosphate |
Description: | © 2009 American Heart Association, Inc. |
DOI: | 10.1161/ATVBAHA.109.194803 |
Published version: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/atvbaha.109.194803 |
Appears in Collections: | Aurora harvest Molecular and Biomedical Science publications |
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