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https://hdl.handle.net/2440/85893
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Type: | Journal article |
Title: | Knockout of CXCR5 increases the population of immature neural cells and decreases proliferation in the hippocampal dentate gyrus |
Author: | Stuart, M. Corrigan, F. Baune, B. |
Citation: | Journal of Neuroinflammation, 2014; 11(1):31-1-31-9 |
Publisher: | BioMed Central |
Issue Date: | 2014 |
ISSN: | 1742-2094 1742-2094 |
Statement of Responsibility: | Michael J Stuart, Frances Corrigan and Bernhard T Baune |
Abstract: | BACKGROUND The process of neurogenesis in which new neurons are generated by proliferation and differentiation of neural stem/progenitor cells (NSCs/NPCs) has been a topic of intensive recent investigation. Investigations of the factors which regulate this process have recently begun to include immune factors including immune cells and cytokines, however the class of immune proteins designated as chemokines have been relatively neglected. Increasing evidence for novel brain-specific mechanisms of chemokines beyond their classical chemotactic functions has suggested that they may play a role in the regulation of NSC/NPC biology. METHODS We have investigated the role of the chemokine receptor CXCR5 (ligand is CXCL13) in the activity of these cells through neurobiological and behavioural analysis of CXCR5-deficient mice (CXCR5-/-). These investigations included: immunohistochemistry for the markers Ki67, nestin, doublecortin, and IBA-1, neurosphere assays, and the baseline behavioural tests: open field test and sucrose preference test. RESULTS We observed a significant increase in doublecortin and nestin staining in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (P = 0.02 and P = 0.0008, respectively) of CXCR5-/- animals as compared to wild-type controls. This was accompanied by a decrease in Ki67 staining subgranular zone (P = 0.009). Behavioural correlates included a significant increase in baseline locomotor activity in an open field test (P <0.00018) and a decrease in stress reactivity in that test (P = 0.015). Deficiency in CXCR5 was not associated with alterations in hippocampal microglial density, microglial activation or systemic cytokine levels, nor with loss of NSC/NPC populations in the neurosphere assay. CONCLUSIONS These findings are the first to describe a brain-specific function of CXCR5 under physiological conditions. CXCR5 reduces maintenance of immature neural cell populations and enhances proliferation of subgranular zone cells in the hippocampal dentate gyrus, however the mechanism of these effects remains unclear. Further research into the regulation of NSC/NPC activity should consider investigation of CXCR5 and other chemokines which may be relevant to the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders including depression, anxiety and cognitive impairment/dementia. |
Keywords: | CXCR5; CXCL13; Chemokine; Proliferation; Stem cell; Progenitor cell; Hippocampus; Depression; Cognition |
Rights: | © 2014 Stuart et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
DOI: | 10.1186/1742-2094-11-31 |
Published version: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1742-2094-11-31 |
Appears in Collections: | Aurora harvest 7 Psychiatry publications |
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hdl_85893.pdf | Published version | 1.7 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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