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https://hdl.handle.net/2440/133141
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Type: | Journal article |
Title: | A higher mediterranean diet score, including unprocessed red meat, is associated with reduced risk of central nervous system demyelination in a case-control study of australian adults |
Author: | Black, L.J. Baker, K. Ponsonby, A.L. Van Der Mei, I. Lucas, R.M. Pereira, G. Chapman, C. Coulthard, A. Dear, K. Dwyer, T. Kilpatrick, T. McMichael Dec, T. Pender, M.P. Taylor, B. Valery, P. Williams, D. |
Citation: | The Journal of Nutrition, 2019; 149(8):1385-1392 |
Publisher: | American Society for Nutrition |
Issue Date: | 2019 |
ISSN: | 0022-3166 1541-6100 |
Statement of Responsibility: | Lucinda J Black, Kimberley Baker, Anne-Louise Ponsonby, Ingrid van der Mei, Robyn M Lucas, Gavin Pereira, Ausimmune Investigator Group |
Abstract: | BACKGROUND:The evidence associating diet and risk of multiple sclerosis (MS) is inconclusive. OBJECTIVES:The aim of this study was to investigate associations between a Mediterranean diet and risk of a first clinical diagnosis of central nervous system demyelination (FCD), a common precursor to MS. METHODS:We used data from the 2003-2006 Ausimmune Study, an Australian multicenter, case-control study examining environmental risk factors for FCD, with participants matched on age, sex, and study region (282 cases, 558 controls; 18-59 y old; 78% female). The alternate Mediterranean diet score (aMED) was calculated based on data from a food-frequency questionnaire. We created a modified version of the aMED (aMED-Red) where ∼1 daily serving (65 g) of unprocessed red meat received 1 point. All other components remained the same as aMED. Conditional logistic regression (254 cases, 451 controls) was used to test associations between aMED and aMED-Red scores and categories and risk of FCD, adjusting for history of infectious mononucleosis, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations, smoking, education, total energy intake, and dietary underreporting. RESULTS:There was no statistically significant association between aMED and risk of FCD [per 1-SD increase in aMED score: adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 0.89; 95% CI: 0.75, 1.06; P = 0.181]. There was evidence of a nonlinear relation between aMED-Red and risk of FCD when a quadratic term was used (P = 0.016). Compared with the lowest category of aMED-Red, higher categories were significantly associated with reduced risk of FCD, corresponding to a 37% (aOR: 0.63; 95% CI: 0.41, 0.98; P = 0.039), 52% (aOR: 0.48; 95% CI: 0.28, 0.83; P = 0.009), and 42% (aOR: 0.58; 95% CI: 0.35, 0.96; P = 0.034) reduced risk of FCD in categories 2, 3, and 4, respectively. CONCLUSIONS:A Mediterranean diet, including unprocessed red meat, was associated with reduced risk of FCD in this Australian adult population. The addition of unprocessed red meat to a Mediterranean diet may be beneficial for those at high risk of MS. |
Keywords: | Ausimmune Investigator Group Multiple sclerosis; Mediterranean diet; Ausimmune Study; nutrition and disease; nutritional epidemiology |
Rights: | © American Society for Nutrition 2019. All rights reserved. |
DOI: | 10.1093/jn/nxz089 |
Published version: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxz089 |
Appears in Collections: | Public Health publications |
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