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https://hdl.handle.net/2440/134031
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Type: | Journal article |
Title: | Plasma GLP-1 response to oral and intraduodenal nutrients in health and type 2 diabetes - impact on gastric emptying |
Author: | Xie, C. Huang, W. Watson, L.E. Soenen, S. Young, R.L. Jones, K.L. Horowitz, M. Rayner, C.K. Wu, T. |
Citation: | Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2022; 107(4):e1643-e1652 |
Publisher: | The Endocrine Society |
Issue Date: | 2022 |
ISSN: | 0021-972X 1945-7197 |
Statement of Responsibility: | Cong Xie, Weikun Huang, Linda E Watson, Stijn Soenen, Richard L Young, Karen L Jones, Michael Horowitz, Christopher K. Rayner, and Tongzhi Wu |
Abstract: | Context Both gastric emptying and the secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) are major determinants of postprandial glycemia in health and type 2 diabetes (T2D). GLP-1 secretion after a meal is dependent on the entry of nutrients into the small intestine, which, in turn, slows gastric emptying. Objective To define the relationship between gastric emptying and the GLP-1 response to both oral and small intestinal nutrients in subjects with and without T2D. Methods We evaluated: (i) the relationship between gastric emptying (breath test) and postprandial GLP-1 levels after a mashed potato meal in 73 individuals with T2D; (ii) inter-individual variations in GLP-1 response to (a) intraduodenal glucose (4 kcal/min) during euglycemia and hyperglycemia in 11 healthy and 12 T2D, subjects, (b) intraduodenal fat (2 kcal/min) in 15 T2D subjects, and (c) intraduodenal protein (3 kcal/min) in 10 healthy subjects; and (iii) the relationship between gastric emptying (breath test) of 75 g oral glucose and the GLP-1 response to intraduodenal glucose (4 kcal/min) in 21 subjects (9 healthy, 12 T2D). Results The GLP-1 response to the mashed potato meal was unrelated to the gastric half-emptying time (T50). The GLP-1 responses to intraduodenal glucose, fat, and protein varied substantially between individuals, but intra-individual variation to glucose was modest. The T50 of oral glucose was related directly to the GLP-1 response to intraduodenal glucose (r = 0.65, P = 0.002). Conclusion In a given individual, gastric emptying is not a determinant of the postprandial GLP-1 response. However, the intrinsic gastric emptying rate is determined in part by the responsiveness of GLP-1 to intestinal nutrients. |
Keywords: | gastric emptying; GLP-1; postprandial glucose metabolism; type 2 diabetes |
Description: | First Published Online: 13 November 2021 |
Rights: | © The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Endocrine Society. All rights reserved. |
DOI: | 10.1210/clinem/dgab828 |
Grant ID: | NHMRC |
Published version: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgab828 |
Appears in Collections: | Medicine publications |
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