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https://hdl.handle.net/2440/75118
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Type: | Journal article |
Title: | Anatase TiO₂ single crystals with a large percentage of reactive facets |
Other Titles: | Anatase TiO(2) single crystals with a large percentage of reactive facets |
Author: | Yang, H. Sun, C. Qiao, S. Zou, J. Liu, G. Smith, S. Cheng, H. Lu, G. |
Citation: | Nature, 2008; 453(7195):638-641 |
Publisher: | Nature Publishing Group |
Issue Date: | 2008 |
ISSN: | 0028-0836 1476-4679 |
Statement of Responsibility: | Hua Gui Yang, Cheng Hua Sun, Shi Zhang Qiao, Jin Zou, Gang Liu, Sean Campbell Smith, Hui Ming Cheng & Gao Qing Lu |
Abstract: | Owing to their scientific and technological importance, inorganic single crystals with highly reactive surfaces have long been studied. Unfortunately, surfaces with high reactivity usually diminish rapidly during the crystal growth process as a result of the minimization of surface energy. A typical example is titanium dioxide (TiO2), which has promising energy and environmental applications. Most available anatase TiO(2) crystals are dominated by the thermodynamically stable {101} facets (more than 94 per cent, according to the Wulff construction), rather than the much more reactive {001} facets. Here we demonstrate that for fluorine-terminated surfaces this relative stability is reversed: {001} is energetically preferable to {101}. We explored this effect systematically for a range of non-metallic adsorbate atoms by first-principle quantum chemical calculations. On the basis of theoretical predictions, we have synthesized uniform anatase TiO(2) single crystals with a high percentage (47 per cent) of {001} facets using hydrofluoric acid as a morphology controlling agent. Moreover, the fluorated surface of anatase single crystals can easily be cleaned using heat treatment to render a fluorine-free surface without altering the crystal structure and morphology. |
Keywords: | Hydrofluoric Acid Titanium Microscopy, Electron Crystallization Quantum Theory Thermodynamics Hot Temperature |
Rights: | © 2008 Nature Publishing Group |
DOI: | 10.1038/nature06964 |
Published version: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature06964 |
Appears in Collections: | Aurora harvest 4 Chemical Engineering publications |
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